Hydraulic system structural characteristics of hydraulic joints

The hydraulic system of the hydraulic joint has a simple structure, flexible layout, and good self-lubricating properties of the components, making it easy to use in conjunction with other transmission methods. Therefore, it is currently widely used in equipment of various enterprises. All key equipment such as electrolysis multi-function cranes, casting machines, and tilting mixing furnaces of our company use hydraulic transmission systems. The hydraulic system of hydraulic joints is generally a closed pipeline circulation system. One of the main disadvantages of hydraulic transmission is that the faults of the hydraulic system are hidden and difficult to find. Once the hydraulic system of the equipment fails, the cause of the failure should be determined as soon as possible and eliminated in time to reduce the economic losses caused by the equipment shutdown. Engineering and technical personnel need to rely on their professional technical skills, basic knowledge of hydraulic transmission, principle structure of hydraulic joint components, and basic circuit knowledge to conduct fault analysis.

A complete hydraulic system consists of five parts, namely power components, actuating components, control components, auxiliary components (accessories), and hydraulic oil.

The function of the power component is to convert the mechanical energy of the prime mover into the pressure energy of the liquid. It refers to the oil pump in the hydraulic system, which provides power to the entire hydraulic system. The structural forms of hydraulic pumps generally include gear pumps, vane pumps, and plunger pumps.

The function of actuators (such as hydraulic cylinders and hydraulic motors) is to convert the pressure energy of the liquid into mechanical energy and drive the load to perform linear reciprocating or rotary motion.

Control elements (i.e. various hydraulic valves) control and regulate the pressure, flow, and direction of liquids in hydraulic systems. According to different control functions, hydraulic valves can be divided into pressure control valves, flow control valves, and directional control valves. Pressure control valves are further divided into flow valves (safety valves), pressure reducing valves, sequence valves, pressure relays, etc.; flow control valves include throttle valves, adjustment valves, diverter, and collector valves, etc.; directional control valves include one-way valves, Hydraulic control check valve, shuttle valve, reversing valve, etc. According to different control methods, hydraulic valves can be divided into on-off control valves, fixed value control valves, and proportional control valves.

Auxiliary components include oil tanks, oil filters, oil pipes and pipe joints, sealing rings, quick-change joints, high-pressure ball valves, hose assemblies, pressure measuring joints, pressure gauges, oil level and oil temperature gauges, etc. Hydraulic oil is the working medium that transmits energy in the hydraulic system. There are several categories such as various mineral oils, emulsions, and synthetic hydraulic oils.